Coughing up blood (hemoptysis)
  • Hemoptysis is the coughing up of blood or blood-stained mucus. In severe cases patients may cough up fresh flood or blood clots. Hemoptysis must be distinguished from vomiting blood (hematemesis). Hemoptysis is the spitting of blood that originated in the lungs or bronchial tubes; on the other hand, hematemesis is the vomiting of blood from the gastrointestinal tract. Sometimes bleeding gums or nose bleeding can be confused with hemoptysis. Sometimes the blood that is coughed up is swallowed and then vomited out, which can be confused with hematemesis. The diseases that cause hemoptysis include: pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, aortic aneurysm, heart disease, pneumonia, bronchial cancer, tracheal benign tumors, chest trauma, etc.
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